远离亚健康,生活习惯最关键
吸烟、酗酒、饮食不当、睡眠质量低下等行为是现代文明病的原因,并造成亚健康人群血压高、血脂高、血糖高、血黏度高、体重高、免疫力低下等现象。亚健康是生活方式的异化,而运动结合平衡膳食是改善此类状况的最有效和安全的干预手段。
睡眠质量低下始终困扰着商务人士,主要原因是生活节奏快,工作压力大。2007年《国际商业报告》公布数据显示,32个国家的7200名私有企业的领导人中56%的人认为,与2006年相比,其遭受的压力在增加,中国则有84%的企业家表示压力增加。要改善睡眠,除了改善生活习惯,注意疏解压力之外,可以在饮食方面进行适当的调整。
1、晚餐不可过饱,睡前不宜进食及大量饮水,避免因胃肠的刺激而使大脑皮质兴奋,或夜尿增多而入睡困难。
2、饮食讲究清淡,避免吃辛辣或刺激性的食品,如浓茶、咖啡,忌食胡椒、葱、蒜、辣椒等。
血压高、血脂高、高血糖简称“三高”,除了有遗传、生活无规律、精神压力大等方面的因素导致“三高”之外,饮食不合理也是一个主要原因。通过制定合理的饮食计划,可以在一定程度上改善三高人群的症状。
1、摄入充足的优质蛋白质:奶类、豆类提供膳食中的优质蛋白和维生素,其含钙量高,吸收和利用率高。肉类食品推荐瘦肉(如牛肉)、白肉(鱼肉、鸡肉),此类肉含脂肪量较少,能够提供优质蛋白、脂溶性维生素和矿物质。在烹制过程中我们要尽可能减少煎炒烹炸的工序,避免在高温高热过程中蛋白质的破坏。
2、少吃或不吃含脂肪、胆固醇高的食物,如肥肉、动物内脏、肉皮、巧克力、油炸食品、荤汤、蟹黄、鱼子等。
3、多吃蔬菜水果,蔬菜水果除了提供丰富的维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维外,还对保持心血管健康、增强抗病能力及预防某些病症具有一定作用。蔬菜水果尽可能生吃,从而避免在烹制过程中营养物质的流失。
必须限制酒水饮料的摄入。商务人士的应酬很多,饮酒就在所难免,频繁的过量饮酒对肝部的危害非常大。我们可以通过适当的饮食来降低过量饮酒对身体的危害。在饮食方面,需要注意:
1、而如果有喝酒的嗜好,最好每天一盅,不可贪杯,同时适当换换饮酒种类,干红是不错的选择,推荐每天一杯。
2、避免油炸性食品对肝脏的刺激,避免过量脂肪摄入,控制体重的增加。
3、充足的蛋白质可以保护肝细胞的功能,促进肝细胞的再生,防止水肿,及腹水。推荐植物蛋白如大豆蛋白,以及脱脂牛奶、鱼肉、鸡肉等白肉。
4、微量元素及矿物质之摄取也很重要,尤其是锌,可以适量摄入海产品、猪肝、坚果类食品。
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5、充足的维生素摄取。肝内储存着多种维生素,并且参与肝脏之代谢。通过摄入牛奶、谷类、豆制品、蛋类、绿色蔬菜和水果均衡补充当维生素。
总体来说,应该注重食物的均衡摄取、适量摄取,掌握饮食的“度”,再辅助适度的运动,就可以保持身体健康,远离亚健康状态。